The reform of the international tax system is “biased in favor of rich countries” according to Nigeria's estimate. For this reason, the country refuses to join the agreement on this reform. His opinion is shared by several eminent experts, including the Nobel laureate in economics Joseph Stiglitz.

The new reform deprives developing countries of collecting taxes from medium-sized companies. For the Nigerian Minister of Finance, Zainab Shamsuna, this reform could “even harm tax revenues in developing countries.” Indeed, during a debate organized within the framework of the World Economic Forum in Davos, she notified that “the negotiations were not conducted on an equal footing. They have favoured rich economies and created rules that are too complex for Nigeria to implement effectively.”

“If we sign the agreement, it means we won't be able to collect taxes from medium-sized businesses, even though our own laws allow us to do so,” she lamented.